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New paper casts doubt on trusted Canadian breast cancer screening guidelines | National Post
Canada's officials unveil new African travel ban to prevent spread of new strain. A new paper calls into question a decades-old Canadian study that has informed breast cancer screening guidelines for women in their 40s around the world, which generally do not recommend a yearly mammogram.
The commentary — co-written by researchers at The Ottawa Hospital, Sunnybrook Research Institute in Toronto, the University of British Columbia, the University of Alberta and Harvard Medical School — will be published in the Journal of Medical Screening this week.
It specifically points to randomization issues with the Canadian National Breast Screening Study CNBSSresearch paper of breast cancer, originally conducted in the s, which involved tens of thousands of women and eventually took place in 15 different urban centres across the country. The randomized trials set out to determine whether or not screening helped save women's lives.
In the first study, women aged 40 to 49 were randomly assigned to receive mammograms or placed in a control group where they had a single physical exam, with all participants followed up with for several years. Over the course of the study, there were 38 deaths from breast cancer in the mammography group and 28 among those who didn't receive mammogram screenings. As a result, research paper of breast cancer, Canadian researchers concluded that annual screening in women aged 40 to 49 at average risk does not reduce breast cancer mortality any more than a physical exam.
The study has gone on to inform guidelines both here and around the world. The most recent guidelines issued by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care still do not recommend screenings for women in that age group. A key issue of earlier screening is the risk of false positives and over-diagnosis. There are lumps that aren't cancerous or harmful to women, research paper of breast cancer, but if discovered, would require a biopsy.
Experts have warned any kind of breast cancer treatment — whether it be radiation, chemotherapy or surgery — may carry harm. But the CNBSS had several problems, according to Dr.
Jean Seely, co-author of the new paper and a professor of radiology at the University of Ottawa and head of breast imaging at The Ottawa Hospital. She and her co-authors are calling for mammograms for women aged 40 or older, should they want them.
Seely said there is now "conclusive confirmation" the CNBSS was conducted — particularly in some trial locations — with women who weren't randomly assigned. When interviewing 28 staff members who worked on the original study, some confirmed there were multiple instances in which women with detectable lumps, research paper of breast cancer, who were pre-screened by a nurse, were in fact purposefully placed in the mammography group, she said.
I did not expect to find such clear, clear evidence of what was going on," Seely said. How could this have been allowed? The paper adds to the long-standing debate over the quality of the studies since they were first published and whether women in their 40s should be regularly screened.
Since the '90s, radiologists and researchers have raised concerns about the inclusion of women with advanced cancers in the study, the quality of the screening and the factors used to determine if mammographies were beneficial for that age group. Experts have mostly suspected issues with the randomization, which they say would've skewed the findings. An investigation into these suspicions was done by external experts in the s after the first results of the CNBSS were published.
The resulting paper said it "failed to uncover credible evidence" that the randomization was subverted in any way. Its authors further said that even if there had been acts of subversion, they would have been "few in number" and "alterations research paper of breast cancer have had only a trivial effect on the study findings.
Still, some experts aren't convinced; the new paper concludes that results of the trial would have changed with just seven instances of women with lumps from the mammography group sent to the usual care group. More often than not, Seely said, research paper of breast cancer, those women were told by their family doctors they shouldn't be screened because of their age.
According to the Canadian Cancer Societywhile women aged 50 and older have higher rates of breast cancer diagnosis, there's a higher rate of mortality for women between 30 and Women in that age range consist of 17 per cent of all cancer deaths in Canada.
That's compared to women agedresearch paper of breast cancer, who represent just eight per cent of cancer deaths.
Many other experts, including the principal investigators of the CNBSS, continue to defend the study, research paper of breast cancer. Anthony Miller, a professor emeritus at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health at the University of Toronto, who led the study. Miller, who has seen a copy of the new paper, denies the possibility that any women were not placed randomly within the trials.
There were extensive quality-control measures in place to maintain the integrity of the study, he said.
Nurses were only in place to inform participants about the study and get their consent, he said, and any examinations happened after a woman had been randomized.
At that point, Miller said, excluding women who may have had palpable lumps "would research paper of breast cancer falsify the results of the study. Miller is not alone in his defence of the CBNSS. While its authors say their work has been under attack for decades, the CBNSS has withstood years of skepticism and challenges. The study has been hailed by many around the world as the gold standard in breast cancer screening research.
Ina year followup to the study was named one of the British Medical Journal's Top 5 research papers of the last decade. Compared research paper of breast cancer a number of other breast cancer screening trials, it would be difficult to find one as well documented and well run as the CNBSS, according to Dr.
Karsten Jørgensen, acting director of the Nordic Cochrane Centre, research paper of breast cancer, which reviews medical trials, including those on breast cancer screening. Canada's trial results also align with other reputable studies around the world, which show no benefit to early screening, Jørgensen said.
There's also always pitfalls. There's always limitations with the trials — but that's why we do systematic reviews and these types of meta-analysis," said Jørgensen. Seely and her fellow researchers have raised their concerns about the CNBSS to the University of Toronto and the Canadian Medical Association Journal, both of which were involved in the original study. In a statement, the university's office in charge of research, oversight and compliance said it "places a high value on research integrity" and is "reviewing the concerns raised by a group of individuals and has been in touch with them, research paper of breast cancer.
The university did not specify the scope or timeline of its review, only that it will "get back to them with our next steps. Kirsten Patrick, interim editor-in-chief of the journal, wrote in her own statement. The Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care did not say if it would consider changing the country's current guidelines on breast cancer screening to include women research paper of breast cancer their research paper of breast cancer. In a written response to CBC, the task force defended its guidelines, saying it "conducts rigorous, detailed evidence reviews" when formulating them.
Brenda Wilson, co-chair of the task force. Wilson wrote "the best available evidence" is used to inform the guidelines. When there are changes to that evidence, she said the task force "updates a full review of the body of evidence, including any new evidence. The task force doesn't comment on individual studies or opinion pieces without doing that review, she said. There is not enough information yet about a new coronavirus variant, B. Isaac Bogoch. But he says travel restrictions are 'probably not going to be that effective' at stopping its global transmission.
Several research paper of breast cancer protestors took to the streets, calling for President Roch Marc Christian Kabore to resign. The army and police drove through downtown Ouagadougou, the capital, during clashes wit.
He was seated normally, wearing a surgical mask. The World Health Organization has declared a new variant of concern called omicron, first identified in South Africa, research paper of breast cancer. Scientists say there are a large number of mutations in the omicron variant, which means it could be more infectious and cause more severe research paper of breast cancer. The Yukon government is creating two new COVID relief programs for businesses and NGOs affected by the latest public health measures, including a program to help offset the cost of new equipment to check proof of vaccinations.
Yukon Economic Development Minister Ranj Pillai said he recognizes that new public health restrictions "have put many Yukon businesses under strain.
Under t. President Johnson names commission to investigate JFK's assassination; U. passes resolution calling for the British Mandate of Palestine to be partitioned; First flight over the South Pole; Natalie Wood, Cary Grant and George Harrison die. One hundred and thirty children in P. received the COVID vaccine on Friday — the first day the shot was available to five to year-olds.
A pediatric vaccine clinic was held at the County Fair Mall in Summerside, P. JOHN'S, N. Health officials say four new cases are in the Eastern Health region and that the Central and Western Health regions each have one new case. Newfoundland and Labrador has 14 active reported cases of COVID There is one person in hospital with the disease.
Officials say anyone in the province, regardless of vaccination status, should get tested if they are experiencing even just one COVID symptom. Catch up with the most important stories from around Europe and beyond - latest news, breaking news, World, Business, Entertainment, Politics, Culture, Travel.
View on research paper of breast cancer. OTTAWA — Natural Resources Minister Jonathan Wilkinson said Friday a pandemic aid program to help oil and gas companies cut their methane emissions will be revisited now that the industry is back on its feet. But he said the government is not going to consider aid programs that help the fossil fuel sector cut their emissions to be the "inefficient fossil fuel subsidies" the government has promised to eliminate by the end of The Onshore Emissions Reduction Fund is under an unflattering spot.
New polling suggests almost half of Canadians plan to abandon physical distancing to hug, kiss, and shake hands this holiday season. Rosanna Hempel finds out how you're feeling about the close contact. SHANGHAI Reuters -A handful of local COVID cases in eastern parts of China have prompted Shanghai city to limit tourism activities and a nearby city to cut public transport services, as Research paper of breast cancer insists on zero tolerance against letting clusters spread.
Shanghai city detected three domestically transmitted COVID cases with confirmed symptoms for Nov. Ontario reported another cases of COVID on Saturday, as Premier Doug Ford asks public health officials to ramp up surveillance due to a new variant of concern that's cropped up in southern Africa. Ford wants officials to prepare for all possible outcomes.
The federal government has banned travel from southern Africa due to the variant, which the World Health Organization has dubbed "omicron. Premier Jason Kenney's pitch research paper of breast cancer replace the RCMP with a provincial police force fell flat at a meeting of rural leaders Friday, with the president of the Rural Municipalities of Alberta calling the idea a distraction.
Paul McLauchlin, the reeve of Ponoka County, said rural leaders want changes to how the justice system deals with repeat offenders who commit the majority of crimes in their counties and municipal districts. are a distraction from wh. government on the softwood lumber industry. Freeland called the U. While COVID has greatly affected post-secondary students and institutions across Canada, new research shows the pandemic has resulted in only a small decline in international student enrolments nationwide.
This is especially the case for students applying for study permits to the Yukon, with international student enrolment at Yukon University — the first university in Canada's North — now returning to pre-pandemic levels.
The study was funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Cou. Residents of the Upper Lake Melville area are back in the dark Friday evening — and have been without electricity for nearly 40 hours while Newfoundland and Labrador Hydro works to locate and fix research paper of breast cancer cause of a sweeping power outage.
The outage started Thursday at a.
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Dec 04, · List of 22 Cancer Research Paper Topics. Are children with cancer more likely to develop it again as an adult? Cancer is a deadly disease but can it relate to the foods we eat, lifestyles we follow and the cultures we have adopt Nov 23, · A new paper calls into question a decades-old Canadian study that has informed breast cancer screening guidelines for women in their 40s around the world, which generally do not recommend a yearly mammogram. The commentary — co-written by researchers at The Ottawa Hospital, Sunnybrook Research Institute in Toronto, the University of British Columbia, the University of Alberta The Breast Cancer Research semipostal stamp, originally issued in , is being reissued in Mandated by Congress in and signed into law by President Bill Clinton, the Breast Cancer Research stamp was the first semipostal issued by the U.S. Postal Service®
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